Versuchen Sie stattdessen Folgendes:
SELECT l1.*
FROM loan AS l1
INNER JOIN
(
SELECT SSS_no, MAX(Loan_date) LatestDate
FROM loan
GROUP BY SSS_no
) AS l2 ON l1.SSS_no = l2.SSS_no
AND l1.loan_date = l2.LatestDate;
SQL-Fiddle-Demo
Das ergibt:
| LOAN_NO | AMOUNT | SSS_NO | LOAN_DATE |
----------------------------------------------
| 16 | 230 | 104849222 | 2013-03-06 |
| 17 | 265 | 119611199 | 2011-04-30 |
| 18 | 455 | 3317131410 | 2013-03-10 |