Ein Ansatz besteht darin, zweimal mit catalog_product_entity_text zu verbinden. Einmal für ID 0 und ein anderes für ID 3 und dann ein COALESCE in Ihrer Auswahl
SELECT
..
COALESCE(`short_description_id`.`value` , `short_description_id_DEFAULT`.`value`) AS `short_description`
..
FROM
...
LEFT JOIN `catalog_product_entity_text` AS `short_description_id`
ON p2c.product_id = short_description_id.entity_id
AND short_description_id.attribute_id = 62
AND (short_description_id.store_id = 3)
LEFT JOIN `catalog_product_entity_text` AS `short_description_id_DEFAULT`
ON p2c.product_id = short_description_id.entity_id
AND short_description_id.attribute_id = 62
AND (short_description_id.store_id = 0)
