So automatisieren Sie die Datenerfassung beim Wachstum der SQL Server-Datenbank

Einführung

Oft besteht die Notwendigkeit, das Wachstum aller Tabellen und Dateien aller Datenbanken zu kontrollieren.

In diesem Artikel werden wir anhand eines Beispiels untersuchen, wie die Datenerfassung zum Wachstum von SQL Server-Datenbanktabellen und -dateien automatisiert werden kann.

Lösung

1. Erstellen Sie eine Ansicht über die Größe aller Tabellen für jede Datenbank

   USE [DATABASE_NAME]
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_NULLS ON
   GO
   
   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
   GO
   
   
   CREATE view [inf].[vTableSize] as
   with pagesizeKB as (
   	SELECT low / 1024 as PageSizeKB
   	FROM master.dbo.spt_values
   	WHERE number = 1 AND type = 'E'
   )
   ,f_size as (
   	select p.[object_id], 
   		   sum([total_pages]) as TotalPageSize,
   		   sum([used_pages])  as UsedPageSize,
   		   sum([data_pages])  as DataPageSize
   	from sys.partitions p join sys.allocation_units a on p.partition_id = a.container_id
   	left join sys.internal_tables it on p.object_id = it.object_id
   	WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(p.[object_id], N'IsUserTable') = 1
   	group by p.[object_id]
   )
   ,tbl as (
   	SELECT
   	  t.[schema_id],
   	  t.[object_id],
   	  i1.rowcnt as CountRows,
   	  (COALESCE(SUM(i1.reserved), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.reserved), 0)) * (select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as ReservedKB,
   	  (COALESCE(SUM(i1.dpages), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.used), 0)) * (select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as DataKB,
   	  ((COALESCE(SUM(i1.used), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.used), 0))
   	    - (COALESCE(SUM(i1.dpages), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.used), 0))) * (select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as IndexSizeKB,
   	  ((COALESCE(SUM(i1.reserved), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.reserved), 0))
   	    - (COALESCE(SUM(i1.used), 0) + COALESCE(SUM(i2.used), 0))) * (select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as UnusedKB
   	FROM sys.tables as t
   	LEFT OUTER JOIN sysindexes as i1 ON i1.id = t.[object_id] AND i1.indid < 2
   	LEFT OUTER JOIN sysindexes as i2 ON i2.id = t.[object_id] AND i2.indid = 255
   	WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(t.[object_id], N'IsUserTable') = 1
   	OR (OBJECTPROPERTY(t.[object_id], N'IsView') = 1 AND OBJECTPROPERTY(t.[object_id], N'IsIndexed') = 1)
   	GROUP BY t.[schema_id], t.[object_id], i1.rowcnt
   )
   SELECT
     @@Servername AS Server,
     DB_NAME() AS DBName,
     SCHEMA_NAME(t.[schema_id]) as SchemaName,
     OBJECT_NAME(t.[object_id]) as TableName,
     t.CountRows,
     t.ReservedKB,
     t.DataKB,
     t.IndexSizeKB,
     t.UnusedKB,
     f.TotalPageSize*(select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as TotalPageSizeKB,
     f.UsedPageSize*(select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as UsedPageSizeKB,
     f.DataPageSize*(select top(1) PageSizeKB from pagesizeKB) as DataPageSizeKB
   FROM f_size as f
   inner join tbl as t on t.[object_id]=f.[object_id]
   
   GO

2. Erstellen Sie eine spezifische Datenbank und bestimmen Sie eine Tabelle zum Speichern von Informationen über das Wachstum aller Datenbanktabellen:

   USE [DATABASE_NAME]
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_NULLS ON
   GO
   
   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_PADDING ON
   GO
   
   CREATE TABLE [srv].[TableStatistics](
   	[Row_GUID] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_TableStatistics_Row_GUID]  DEFAULT (newid()),
   	[ServerName] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
   	[DBName] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
   	[SchemaName] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
   	[TableName] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
   	[CountRows] [bigint] NOT NULL,
   	[DataKB] [int] NOT NULL,
   	[IndexSizeKB] [int] NOT NULL,
   	[UnusedKB] [int] NOT NULL,
   	[ReservedKB] [int] NOT NULL,
   	[InsertUTCDate] [datetime] NOT NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_TableStatistics_InsertUTCDate]  DEFAULT (getutcdate()),
   	[Date]  AS (CONVERT([date],[InsertUTCDate])) PERSISTED,
   	[CountRowsBack] [bigint] NULL,
   	[CountRowsNext] [bigint] NULL,
   	[DataKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[DataKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[IndexSizeKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[IndexSizeKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[UnusedKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[UnusedKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[ReservedKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[ReservedKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[AvgCountRows]  AS ((([CountRowsBack]+[CountRows])+[CountRowsNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgDataKB]  AS ((([DataKBBack]+[DataKB])+[DataKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgIndexSizeKB]  AS ((([IndexSizeKBBack]+[IndexSizeKB])+[IndexSizeKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgUnusedKB]  AS ((([UnusedKBBack]+[UnusedKB])+[UnusedKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgReservedKB]  AS ((([ReservedKBBack]+[ReservedKB])+[ReservedKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffCountRows]  AS (([CountRowsNext]+[CountRowsBack])-(2)*[CountRows]) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffDataKB]  AS (([DataKBNext]+[DataKBBack])-(2)*[DataKB]) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffIndexSizeKB]  AS (([IndexSizeKBNext]+[IndexSizeKBBack])-(2)*[IndexSizeKB]) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffUnusedKB]  AS (([UnusedKBNext]+[UnusedKBBack])-(2)*[UnusedKB]) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffReservedKB]  AS (([ReservedKBNext]+[ReservedKBBack])-(2)*[ReservedKB]) PERSISTED,
   	[TotalPageSizeKB] [int] NULL,
   	[TotalPageSizeKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[TotalPageSizeKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[UsedPageSizeKB] [int] NULL,
   	[UsedPageSizeKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[UsedPageSizeKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[DataPageSizeKB] [int] NULL,
   	[DataPageSizeKBBack] [int] NULL,
   	[DataPageSizeKBNext] [int] NULL,
   	[AvgDataPageSizeKB]  AS ((([DataPageSizeKBBack]+[DataPageSizeKB])+[DataPageSizeKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgUsedPageSizeKB]  AS ((([UsedPageSizeKBBack]+[UsedPageSizeKB])+[UsedPageSizeKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[AvgTotalPageSizeKB]  AS ((([TotalPageSizeKBBack]+[TotalPageSizeKB])+[TotalPageSizeKBNext])/(3)) PERSISTED,
   	[DiffDataPageSizeKB]  AS (([DataPageSizeKBNext]+[DataPageSizeKBBack])-(2)*[DataPageSizeKB]) PERSISTED,--shows as the casting is changed
   	[DiffUsedPageSizeKB]  AS (([UsedPageSizeKBNext]+[UsedPageSizeKBBack])-(2)*[UsedPageSizeKB]) PERSISTED,--shows as the casting is changed
   	[DiffTotalPageSizeKB]  AS (([TotalPageSizeKBNext]+[TotalPageSizeKBBack])-(2)*[TotalPageSizeKB]) PERSISTED,--shows as the casting is changed
    CONSTRAINT [PK_TableStatistics] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
   (
   	[Row_GUID] ASC
   )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
   ) ON [PRIMARY]
   
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_PADDING ON
   GO

   TotalPageSizeKB gibt die Tabellengröße an.

   Die Summe von TotalPageSizeKB aller Datenbanktabellen + die Größe der Systemtabellen =die Größe der Datenbankdaten.

3. Bestimmen Sie das Verfahren zum Sammeln der Informationen:

   USE [DATABASE_NAME]
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_NULLS ON
   GO
   
   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
   GO
   
   CREATE PROCEDURE [srv].[InsertTableStatistics]
   AS
   BEGIN
   	SET NOCOUNT ON;
   	SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED;
   
   	declare @dt date=CAST(GetUTCDate() as date);
       declare @dbs nvarchar(255);
   	declare @sql nvarchar(max);
   
   	select [name]
   	into #dbs
   	from sys.databases;
   
   	while(exists(select top(1) 1 from #dbs))
   	begin
   		select top(1)
   		@dbs=[name]
   		from #dbs;
   
   		set @sql=
   		N'INSERT INTO [srv].[TableStatistics]
   	         ([ServerName]
   			   ,[DBName]
   	         ,[SchemaName]
   	         ,[TableName]
   	         ,[CountRows]
   	         ,[DataKB]
   	         ,[IndexSizeKB]
   	         ,[UnusedKB]
   	         ,[ReservedKB]
   			 ,[TotalPageSizeKB]
   			 ,[UsedPageSizeKB]
   			 ,[DataPageSizeKB])
   	   SELECT [Server]
   		  ,[DBName]
   	         ,[SchemaName]
   	         ,[TableName]
   	         ,[CountRows]
   	         ,[DataKB]
   	         ,[IndexSizeKB]
   	         ,[UnusedKB]
   	         ,[ReservedKB]
   			 ,[TotalPageSizeKB]
   			 ,[UsedPageSizeKB]
   			 ,[DataPageSizeKB]
   		FROM ['[email protected]+'].[inf].[vTableSize];';
   
   		exec sp_executesql @sql;
   
   		delete from #dbs
   		where [name][email protected];
   	end
   
   	drop table #dbs;
   
   	declare @dt_back date=CAST(DateAdd(day,-1,@dt) as date);
   
   	;with tbl1 as (
   		select [Date], 
   			   [CountRows],
   			   [DataKB],
   			   [IndexSizeKB],
   			   [UnusedKB],
   			   [ReservedKB],
   			   [ServerName], 
   			   [DBName], 
   			   [SchemaName], 
   			   [TableName],
   			   [TotalPageSizeKB],
   			   [UsedPageSizeKB],
   			   [DataPageSizeKB]
   		from [srv].[TableStatistics]
   		where [Date][email protected]_back
   	)
   	, tbl2 as (
   		select [Date], 
   			   [CountRows], 
   			   [CountRowsBack],
   			   [DataKBBack],
   			   [IndexSizeKBBack],
   			   [UnusedKBBack],
   			   [ReservedKBBack],
   			   [ServerName], 
   			   [DBName], 
   			   [SchemaName], 
   			   [TableName],
   			   [TotalPageSizeKBBack],
   			   [UsedPageSizeKBBack],
   			   [DataPageSizeKBBack]
   		from [srv].[TableStatistics]
   		where [Date][email protected]
   	)
   	update t2
   	set t2.[CountRowsBack]		=t1.[CountRows],
   		t2.[DataKBBack]			=t1.[DataKB],
   		t2.[IndexSizeKBBack]	=t1.[IndexSizeKB],
   		t2.[UnusedKBBack]		=t1.[UnusedKB],
   		t2.[ReservedKBBack]		=t1.[ReservedKB],
   		t2.[TotalPageSizeKBBack]=t1.[TotalPageSizeKB],
   		t2.[UsedPageSizeKBBack]	=t1.[UsedPageSizeKB],
   		t2.[DataPageSizeKBBack]	=t1.[DataPageSizeKB]
   	from tbl1 as t1
   	inner join tbl2 as t2 on t1.[Date]=DateAdd(day,-1,t2.[Date])
   	and t1.[ServerName]=t2.[ServerName]
   	and t1.[DBName]=t2.[DBName]
   	and t1.[SchemaName]=t2.[SchemaName]
   	and t1.[TableName]=t2.[TableName];
   
   	;with tbl1 as (
   		select [Date], 
   			   [CountRows], 
   			   [CountRowsNext],
   			   [DataKBNext],
   			   [IndexSizeKBNext],
   			   [UnusedKBNext],
   			   [ReservedKBNext],
   			   [ServerName], 
   			   [DBName], 
   			   [SchemaName], 
   			   [TableName],
   			   [TotalPageSizeKBNext],
   			   [UsedPageSizeKBNext],
   			   [DataPageSizeKBNext]
   		from [srv].[TableStatistics]
   		where [Date][email protected]_back
   	)
   	, tbl2 as (
   		select [Date], 
   			   [CountRows],
   			   [DataKB],
   			   [IndexSizeKB],
   			   [UnusedKB],
   			   [ReservedKB],
   			   [ServerName], 
   			   [DBName], 
   			   [SchemaName], 
   			   [TableName],
   			   [TotalPageSizeKB],
   			   [UsedPageSizeKB],
   			   [DataPageSizeKB]
   		from [srv].[TableStatistics]
   		where [Date][email protected]
   	)
   	update t1
   	set t1.[CountRowsNext]		=t2.[CountRows],
   		t1.[DataKBNext]			=t2.[DataKB],
   		t1.[IndexSizeKBNext]	=t2.[IndexSizeKB],
   		t1.[UnusedKBNext]		=t2.[UnusedKB],
   		t1.[ReservedKBNext]		=t2.[ReservedKB],
   		t1.[TotalPageSizeKBNext]=t2.[TotalPageSizeKB],
   		t1.[UsedPageSizeKBNext]	=t2.[UsedPageSizeKB],
   		t1.[DataPageSizeKBNext]	=t2.[DataPageSizeKB]
   	from tbl1 as t1
   	inner join tbl2 as t2 on t1.[Date]=DateAdd(day,-1,t2.[Date])
   	and t1.[ServerName]=t2.[ServerName]
   	and t1.[DBName]=t2.[DBName]
   	and t1.[SchemaName]=t2.[SchemaName]
   	and t1.[TableName]=t2.[TableName];
   END
   GO

   Diese Lösung kann modifiziert werden, um Daten über die Tabellengrößen aller Datenbanken von allen erforderlichen Instanzen von MS SQL Server zu sammeln.

4. Definieren Sie die Ansicht anhand der gesammelten Informationen:

   USE [DATABASE_NAME]
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_NULLS ON
   GO
   
   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
   GO
   
   create view [srv].[vTableStatisticsShort] as 
   with d as (select DateAdd(day,-1,max([Date])) as [Date] from [srv].[TableStatistics])
   SELECT t.[ServerName]
         ,t.[DBName]
         ,t.[SchemaName]
         ,t.[TableName]
         ,t.[CountRows]
         ,t.[DataKB]
         ,t.[IndexSizeKB]
         ,t.[UnusedKB]
         ,t.[ReservedKB]
         ,t.[InsertUTCDate]
         ,t.[Date]
         ,t.[CountRowsBack]
         ,t.[CountRowsNext]
         ,t.[DataKBBack]
         ,t.[DataKBNext]
         ,t.[IndexSizeKBBack]
         ,t.[IndexSizeKBNext]
         ,t.[UnusedKBBack]
         ,t.[UnusedKBNext]
         ,t.[ReservedKBBack]
         ,t.[ReservedKBNext]
         ,t.[AvgCountRows]
         ,t.[AvgDataKB]
         ,t.[AvgIndexSizeKB]
         ,t.[AvgUnusedKB]
         ,t.[AvgReservedKB]
         ,t.[DiffCountRows]
         ,t.[DiffDataKB]
         ,t.[DiffIndexSizeKB]
         ,t.[DiffUnusedKB]
         ,t.[DiffReservedKB]
         ,t.[TotalPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[TotalPageSizeKBBack]
         ,t.[TotalPageSizeKBNext]
         ,t.[UsedPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[UsedPageSizeKBBack]
         ,t.[UsedPageSizeKBNext]
         ,t.[DataPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[DataPageSizeKBBack]
         ,t.[DataPageSizeKBNext]
         ,t.[AvgDataPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[AvgUsedPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[AvgTotalPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[DiffDataPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[DiffUsedPageSizeKB]
         ,t.[DiffTotalPageSizeKB]
     FROM d
     inner join [SRV].[srv].[TableStatistics] as t on d.[Date]=t.[Date]
     where t.[CountRowsBack] is not null
   	and	t.[CountRowsNext] is not null
   GO

   An dieser Stelle möchte ich Ihre Aufmerksamkeit auf Diff lenken. Wenn es höher als 0 ist, bedeutet dies, dass die Tabelle jeden Tag schneller wächst.

   Die Sammlung soll einmal alle 24 Stunden erfolgen.

   Auf die gleiche Weise können wir die Erfassung des Dateiwachstums aller Datenbanken automatisieren, indem wir die folgende Ansicht verwenden:

   USE [DATABASE_NAME]
   GO
   
   SET ANSI_NULLS ON
   GO
   
   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
   GO
   
   select	t2.[DB_Name] as [DBName]
   			,t1.FileId 
   			,t1.NumberReads
   			,t1.BytesRead
   			,t1.IoStallReadMS
   			,t1.NumberWrites
   			,t1.BytesWritten
   			,t1.IoStallWriteMS 
   			,t1.IoStallMS
   			,t1.BytesOnDisk
   			,t1.[TimeStamp]
   			,t1.FileHandle
   			,t2.[Type_desc]
   			,t2.[FileName]
   			,t2.[Drive]
   			,t2.[Physical_Name]
   			,t2.[Ext]
   			,t2.[CountPage]
   			,t2.[SizeMb]
   			,t2.[SizeGb]
   			,t2.[Growth]
   			,t2.[GrowthMb]
   			,t2.[GrowthGb]
   			,t2.[GrowthPercent]
   			,t2.[is_percent_growth]
   			,t2.[database_id]
   			,t2.[State]
   			,t2.[StateDesc]
   			,t2.[IsMediaReadOnly]
   			,t2.[IsReadOnly]
   			,t2.[IsSpace]
   			,t2.[IsNameReserved]
   			,t2.[CreateLsn]
   			,t2.[DropLsn]
   			,t2.[ReadOnlyLsn]
   			,t2.[ReadWriteLsn]
   			,t2.[DifferentialBaseLsn]
   			,t2.[DifferentialBaseGuid]
   			,t2.[DifferentialBaseTime]
   			,t2.[RedoStartLsn]
   			,t2.[RedoStartForkGuid]
   			,t2.[RedoTargetLsn]
   			,t2.[RedoTargetForkGuid]
   			,t2.[BackupLsn]
   from fn_virtualfilestats(NULL, NULL) as t1
   inner join [inf].[ServerDBFileInfo] as t2 on t1.[DbId]=t2.[database_id] and t1.[FileId]=t2.[File_Id]
   GO

Ergebnis

In diesem Artikel haben wir das Beispiel der Automatisierung der Datenerfassung über die Größe und das Wachstum aller SQL Server-Tabellen und -Dateien aller Datenbanken untersucht. Es bietet uns die vollständige Kontrolle über die Änderung der Größe sowohl der Datenbankdateien als auch ihrer Tabellen sowie das rechtzeitige Ergreifen von Maßnahmen zur Reduzierung der Tabelle oder Datei, zur Vergrößerung des Datenspeichergeräts oder zur Aufteilung von Informationen auf mehrere Datenspeichergeräte.